Site Network:Prison Policy Initiative|Prisoners of the Census

General

  • Prisoners in 2010 [PDF] Bureau of Justice Statistics. December, 2011. (During 2010, prison releases (708,677) exceeded prison admissions (703,798) for the first time since BJS began collecting jurisdictional data in 1977.)
  • Correctional Population in the United States, 2010 [PDF] Bureau of Justice Statistics. December, 2011. "The decline in the number of jail inmates (down 18,700) accounted for 20% of the decrease in the total correctional population."
  • Report to Congress Mandatory Minimum Penalties in the Federal Criminal Justice System, [PDF] United States Sentencing Commission. November, 2011. "[C]ertain mandatory minimum provisions apply too broadly, are set too high, or both, to warrant the prescribed minimum penalty for the full range of offenders who could be prosecuted under the particular criminal statute."
  • Smart Reform is Possible States Reducing Incarceration Rates and Costs While Proecting Communities, [PDF] ACLU. August, 2011. "As states across the country are realizing that reducing prison populations and corrections budgets is a necessity, they can look to the examples in this report as ways to reform their criminal justice systems with promising results."
  • Use Of Victim Service Agencies By Victims Of Serious Violent Crime, 1993-20 [PDF] Bureau of Justice Statistics. August, 2011. "From 2000 to 2009, a greater percentage of female (15%) than male (6%) victims of serious violent crime received assistance from a victim service agency."
  • Sentencing Reform Amid Mass INcarcerationâ€"Guarded Optimism, [PDF] Sentencing Project. May, 2011. "A number of state have scaled back mandatory sentencing policies, "school zone" drug laws, and sentencing enhancements such as "truth in sentencing.""
  • (New) Survey of Sentencing Practices FY 2010 [PDF] Massachusetts Sentencing Commission. April, 2011. "Includes a statistical summary of the last known address of defendants for cities and towns in Massachusetts."
  • Profile of Inmate Population Under Custody on January 1, 2011 [PDF] State of New York Department of Corrections and Community Supervision. April, 2011. "The majority of inmates under custody (60%) self-reported at the time of admission to the Department that they had at least one living child."
  • Fact Sheet on President Obama's FY2012 Budge Doing the Same Thing and Expecting Different Results, [PDF] Justice Policy Institute. February, 2011. "[The] continued funding pattern will likely result in increased costs to states for incarceration that will outweigh the increased federal revenue for local law enforcement, with marginal public safety benefits."
  • Smart on Crime Recommendations for the Administration and Congress, [PDF] The Smart on Crime Coalition. February, 2011. "Smart on Crime seeks to provide federal policymakers in both Congress and the Administration a comprehensive, systematic analysis of the current challenges facing state and federal criminal justice systems and recommendations to address those challenges."
  • Correctional Populations In The United States, 2009 Bureau of Justice Statistics, [PDF] Bureau of Justice Statistics. December, 2010. "The rate of decline in the jail population during 2009 was the highest rate of change observed among all four correctional populations, including the probation, parole, jail, and prison populations."
  • (New) Communities Inmates Released to in 2009 [PDF] Massachusetts Department of Correction. October, 2010. "Massachusetts Department of Correction Releases to the Street 2009: Top Ten Release Address (Cities/Towns)"
  • Political Consequences of the Carceral State [PDF] Vesla M. Weaver, Amy E. Lerman. September, 2010. "Encounters with criminal justice institutions can negatively affect perceptions of government, rates of political participation and engagement in civic life."
  • Profile of Inmate Population Under Custody on January 1, 2010 (New York) [PDF] State of New York Department of Correctional Services. May, 2010. "Forty percent (40%) of female inmates were serving a sentence for a Violent Felony crime compared to 61% for male inmates. In contrast, 24% of female inmates were sentenced for a drug crime compared to 17% percent of male inmates."
  • (New) 2009 Annual Report Massachusetts Department of Correction, [PDF] Massachusetts Department of Correction. December, 2009. "2009 Releases to the Street from Massachusetts Department of Correction: Top 10 Cities"
  • Contract Bench and Jury Trials in State Courts, 2005 [PDF] Bureau of Justice Statistics. September, 2009. "Contract trials in 2005 most commonly involved an individual suing a business (33%), followed by a business suing another business (25%)."
  • Moving Target A Decade of Resistance to the Prison Industrial Complex, [PDF] Justice Policy Institute. September, 2009. "All modern day struggles for justice are implicated in criminal justice reform efforts because the current system magnifies all the ways in which the United States of America fails many of the people who live within its borders."
  • Minor Crimes, Major Waste: The Terrible Toll of America's Broken Misdemeanor Courts, [PDF] National Association of Criminal defense Lawyers. April, 2009. "...literally millions of accused misdemeanants, particularly those unable to hire private counsel, and disproportionately people of color, routinely are denied the due process to which the Constitution entitles them."
  • Incarcerated Parents and their Children Trends 1991-2007, [PDF] Sentencing Project. February, 2009. "In 2007, 1.7 million minor children had a parent in prison, an 82% increase since 1991."
  • Criminal Justice Primer 2009 [PDF] Sentencing Project. February, 2009. "An overview of nine policy priorities in criminal and juvenile justice reform that address issues of reentry, sentencing, racial disparity and crime prevention."
  • A Report on the Collateral Consequences of Criminal Convictions in Maryland [PDF] University of Maryland School of Law. 2009. "Despite the lasting and sometimes permanent effects that collateral consequences impose upon ex-offenders and their families, no formal mechanism exists for defendants in Maryland, or any other state, to be informed of these consequences."
  • Smart on Crime Recommendations for the Next Administration and Congress, [PDF] 2009 Criminal Justice Transition Coalition. November, 2008. "The 2009 Criminal Justice Transition Coalition’s collaborative report identifying critical needs for federal policy reform for President-elect Barack Obama's agenda."
  • Registering Harm How Sex Offense Registries Fail Youth Communities, [PDF] Justice Policy Institute. November, 2008. "Continued investments in registries put our families in danger with short-sighted policies that alienate people who are trying to safely re-enter the community."(See also the Wash Act Briefing Book here: http://www.justicepolicy.org/content-hmID=1811&smID=1581&ssmID=80.htm)
  • Profile of Inmate Population Under Custody on January 1, 2008 (New York) [PDF] State of New York Department of Correctional Services. March, 2008. "The majority of inmates (52.1%) were committed from New York City. An additional 11.4% were committed from suburban New York."
  • Phantom Constituents in Tennessee's Boards of County Commissioners Prison Policy Initiative; Peter Wagner and JooHye DellaRocco. February, 2008. "[This report] identifies 10 Tennessee counties in which the use of flawed Census data to draw county commissioner districts has created substantial inequities in political power within the counties."
  • Report to U.S. Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination that U.S. Census practices dilute votes of minority populationson, Demos and Prison Policy Initiative. December, 2007. (A report to the Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination in Geneva on racially discriminatory redistricting practices violating Article 5 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.)
  • No Easy Answers: Sex Offender Laws in the US Human Rights Watch. September, 2007. "The evidence is overwhelming, as detailed in this report, that these laws cause great harm to the people subject to them. On the other hand, proponents of these laws are not able to point to convincing evidence of public safety gains from them."
  • Profile of Inmate Population Under Custody on January 1, 2007 (New York) [PDF] State of New York Department of Correctional Services. June, 2007. "Of the 63,473 inmates under custody on February 17, 2007, 33,496 (52.8%) had a verified GED, high school diploma or higher degree, and 29,977 (47.2%) were without verified academic degrees."
  • Profile of Inmate Population Under Custody on January 1, 2009 (New York) State of New York Department of Correctional Services. June, 2007. "The majority of inmates under custody (59.2%) report at least one living child. Approximately 11% of under custody inmates reported four or more living children."
  • Resources of the Prosecution and Indigent Defense Functions in Tennessee The Spangenberg Group for The Tennessee Justice Project. June, 2007. "[I]ndigent prosecution funding is between two and two-and-a-half times greater than indigent defense funding."
  • State Funding for Corrections in FY 2006 and FY 2007 National Conference of State Legislatures. May, 2007. "Nationally, FY 2006 general fund corrections spending grew 10 percent above FY 2005 levels."
  • The Collateral Effects of Incarceration on Fathers, Families, and Communities, [PDF] Council on Crime and Justice. April, 2006. "Incarcerating large numbers of men from one community is seen as a threat to both individual and community economic stability."
  • Children of Incarcerated Parents [PDF] Council on Crime and Justice. January, 2006. "Results indicate that children and caregivers often had limited support systems, faced social isolation and encountered barriers with the criminal justice system and correctional institutions."
  • Reforming California's Youth and Adult Correctional System Corrections Independent Review Panel. July, 2004.
  • Characteristics of New Commitments 2003 [PDF] New York Department of Correctional Services. June, 2004.
  • ABA Justice Kennedy Commission Recommendations American Bar Association. June, 2004.
  • Strengthening Public Safety, Increasing Accountability, and Instituting Fiscal Responsibility in the Department of Correction, [PDF] Governor's Commission on Corrections Reform. June, 2004. (Massachusetts, the Harshbarger Commission)
  • Prison Policy Initiative Atlas [Website] Prison Policy Initiative. February, 2004. (Maps of disenfranchisement, death penalty, incarceration, prison construction and more in the U.S. and internationally)
  • (New) Positive Trends in State-Level Sentencing and Corrections Policy [PDF] Families Against Mandatory Minimums. November, 2003. "Texas policymakers introduced parole reforms in 2000. The parole board’s approval rate for non-violent offenders rose, parole revocations fell sharply, and prison populations dropped by 7,698 from September 2000 to December 2001."
  • The Prison Index: Taking the Pulse of the Crime Control Industry, Prison Policy Initiative and Western Prison Project. March, 2003.
  • Crime and Justice Atlas 2001 Update [PDF] U.S. Department of Justice. 2001.
  • Crime and Justice Atlas 2000 [PDF] U.S. Department of Justice. June, 2000.
  • Profile of Inmates Under Custody on January 1, 2000 [PDF] New York Department of Correctional Services. January, 2000. "Only 32,689 (45.8%) of under custody inmates had at least a high school diploma or equivalent out of 71,356 inmates."
  • Characteristics of New Commitments 1999 [PDF] New York Department of Correctional Services. 1999.
  • Prisoners in 1996 [PDF] Bureau of Justice Statistics. June, 1997. "On December 31, 1996, State prisons were operating at between 16% and 24% above capacity, while Federal prisoners were operating at 25% over capacity."

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