HELP US END MASS INCARCERATION
The Prison Policy Initiative uses research, advocacy, and organizing to dismantle mass incarceration. We’ve been in this movement for 23 years, thanks to individual donors like you.
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Thank you,
Peter Wagner, Executive Director Donate
Can you help us sustain this work?
Thank you,
Peter Wagner, Executive Director Donate
| Testing in state prisons as of June 10, 2020 (35 points) | PPE in state prisons as of June 10, 2020 (30 points) | Data availability for state prisons as of June 10, 2020 (30 points) | Executive orders as of June 10, 2020 (90 points) | Incarcerated population reduction as of June 1, 2020 (300 points) | Grade | Sources | ||||||||||||||||||
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| State | Staff (15 points) | Incarcerated (20 points) | Staff (15 points) | Incarcerated (15 points) | Publicly available (15 points) | Disaggregated by race (15 points) | Halting jail admissions (30 points) | Medically vulnerable releases (30 points) | Near-completion of sentence releases (30 points) | Statewide jail reduction (1 point per 1% reduction of median jail population) as of June 1, 2020 | How many jails do we have data for? | Statewide prison reduction (2 points per 1% reduction) from Dec 31, 2019/Jan 1, 2020 to April 30, 2020/May 1 2020 unless otherwise noted in Sources | Raw score (out of 485) | Normalized score out of 100 points | Subtracted points for prison deaths (-1 point for every 5 deaths out of 10,000 people in prison) | Final score | Letter grade | Sources | ||||||
| Alabama | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Orders the release of people in jail with alleged probation/parole technical violations under custody for more than 20 days wihtout a hearing; release of people in jail with probation/parole technical violations punishable by no more than 45 days (10 points) | 18.14 | 31 | 7.8 | 80.94 | 16.69 | 0.29 | 16.39 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: Fifth Supplemental State of Emergency: Coronavirus (COVID-19) Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Alaska | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Testing only new admissions, when symptomatic, or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Combined prison and jail system | n/a | 21.9 | 66.9 | 13.79 | 0 | 13.79 | F | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website & DOC public statements Executive orders: n/a Jail data: n/a Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Arizona | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided only when symptomatic (0 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 7.03 | 8 | 5 | 47.03 | 9.7 | 0.34 | 9.36 | F | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Arkansas | Testing information provided only in press conferences (0 points) | No information on testing (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to some (0 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Consideration of early release for people nearing end of sentence, with specific offense categories excluded (10 points) | 41.86 | 31 | 4.8 | 101.66 | 20.96 | 0.58 | 20.38 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: Modified EPA Updated, June 1, 2020 Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| California | Commitment to testing all in some facilities (5 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (of note, reports from inside of CDCR facilities suggest that despite this policy, the use of face masks is limited) (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 30.63 | 58 | 9.8 | 90.43 | 18.65 | 0.28 | 18.36 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: California Dept of Corrections & Rehabilitation website Executive orders: Executive Order N-36-20 Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab & Vera Institute of Justice Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Colorado | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic; one facility had complete testing (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | Recommends law enforcement minimize arrests and jail intakes, suspend jail transfers, and maximize pretrial diversion and release (10 points) | Grants DOC discretion to refer individuals to Special Needs Parole (10 points) | Grants DOC discretion to award earned time credits (10 points) | 21.84 | 13 | 13.1 | 114.94 | 23.7 | 0.33 | 23.37 | D- | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: Temporarily Suspending Certain Regulatory Statutes Concerning Criminal Justice (D 2020 016) & Governor's Guidance To Counties, Municipalities, Law Enforcement Agencies, And Detention Centers Jail data: Population counts for March 26, 2020 and June 4, 2020 provided by ACLU of Colorado. Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Connecticut | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Combined prison and jail system | n/a | 21.5 | 76.5 | 15.77 | 1.28 | 14.5 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: n/a Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Delaware | Testing some (0 points) | Testing some (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to some (0 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | State DOC provided data by race to the Marshall Project (15 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Combined prison and jail system | n/a | 21.5 | 66.5 | 13.71 | 0 | 13.71 | F | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website & the Marshall Project's report, Is COVID-19 Falling Harder on Black Prisoners? Officials Won’t Tell Us Executive orders: n/a Jail data: n/a Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Florida | No information on testing (0 points) | Testing some (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | No information on PPE (0 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 8.52 | 64 | 7.2 | 45.72 | 9.43 | 0.39 | 9.04 | F | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab & Vera Institute of Justice Executive orders: n/a Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Georgia | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing some (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 24.76 | 142 | 6.9 | 76.66 | 15.81 | 0.75 | 15.06 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab & Vera Institute of Justice Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Hawai'i | No information on testing (0 points) | Testing some (0 points) | Masks provided to some (0 points) | Masks provided to some (0 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Combined prison and jail system | n/a | 35.5 | 50.5 | 10.41 | 0 | 10.41 | F | Testing, PPE, data: Dept of Public Safety, Corrections Division website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: n/a Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Idaho | No information on testing (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 17.26 | 14 | 8.7 | 70.96 | 14.63 | 0 | 14.63 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Illinois | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | This report does not provide a grade to Illinois because some of the relevant data is the subject of pending litigation. | n/a | ||||||
| Indiana | No information on testing (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 28.29 | 92 | 4.1 | 77.39 | 15.96 | 1.42 | 14.53 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab & Vera Institute of Justice Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Iowa | Testing some (0 points) | Testing some (0 points) | Masks provided to some (0 points) | Masks provided to some (0 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | Grants DOC and parole board authority to suspend incarceration for parole revocations (10 points) | No order (0 points) | Grants DOC and Parole Board authority to authorize early parole (10 points) | 11.33 | 16 | 8.3 | 84.63 | 17.45 | 0 | 17.45 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: Department Of Corrections – COVID-19 Response Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Kansas | No information on testing (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic; one facility had complete testing (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 30.77 | 22 | 8.6 | 89.37 | 18.43 | 0.82 | 17.61 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Kentucky | Testing when symptomatic (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Ordered early release and commutations for 186 people who met specific medical vulnerability and offense criteria (10 points) | Grants commutations to 697 people "convicted of nonvioelnt, non-sexual offenses" with sentences expiring on or before 9/30/2020 (10 points) | 34.43 | 69 | 17.4 | 116.83 | 24.09 | 0.19 | 23.9 | D- | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: Conditional Commutation Of Sentence, 2020-278 & Conditional Commutation Of Sentence, 2020-267 Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Louisiana | No information on testing (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic; two facilities had complete testing (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | DOC creation of a temporary furlough review panel those within 6 months of sentence completion and convicted of "nonviolent and nonsexual crimes" (10 points) | 16.78 | 60 | 12.2 | 83.98 | 17.32 | 1.01 | 16.3 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: Dept of Public Safety & Corrections website Executive orders: DOC Creates A COVID-19 Furlough Review Pane Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Maine | No information on testing (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic; one facility had complete testing (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | State DOC provided data by race to the Marshall Project (15 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 30.5 | All jail facilities | 7.4 | 102.9 | 21.22 | 0 | 21.22 | D- | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website, the Marshall Project's report, "Is COVID-19 Falling Harder on Black Prisoners? Officials Won’t Tell Us," ME Public Radio article on PPE Executive orders: n/a Jail data: Data for January 4, 2020 and May 30, 2020 retrieved from DOC reports Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Maryland | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic; reportedly increasing asymptomatic testing (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Grants early mandatory supervision for those with planned release to superivison within 120 days; expedited release to home detention for all those eligible; and accelerated parole for parole eligible people at least 60 years old (10 points) | No order (0 points) | 23.97 | 24 | No prison data available | 78.97 | 16.28 | 0 | 16.28 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: Dept of Public Safety & Correctional Services website Executive orders: Implementing Alternative Correctional Detention And Supervision Jail data: ACLU of Maryland Prison data: Data from January 1, 2020 provided in Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report, no population count found for April/May 2020 |
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| Massachusetts | Completed testing of all (15 points) | Completed testing of all (20 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available from ACLU of MA and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 20.17 | All jail facilities | 10.4 | 110.57 | 22.8 | 1.8 | 20.99 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website & documents filed by the DOC with the Supreme Judicial Court Executive orders: n/a Jail data: April 7, 2020 and June 1, 2020 jail populations retrieved from ACLU of Massachusetts https://data.aclum.org/sjc-12926-tracker/ Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Michigan | No information on testing (0 points) | Completed testing of all (20 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | State DOC provided data by race to the Marshall Project (15 points) | Order to suspend incarceration in jail for parole violations unless authorized by DOC (10 points) | Order to "strongly encourage" early release for older people, medically vulnerable people, and those with behavioral health problems who can be safely diverted (10 points) | Order to "strongly encourage" early release for those held for traffic violations and failure to appear or failure to pay (10 points) | 27.48 | 9 | 5.6 | 143.08 | 29.5 | 3.68 | 25.82 | D- | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website & the Marshall Project's report, Is COVID-19 Falling Harder on Black Prisoners? Officials Won’t Tell Us Executive orders: Executive Order 2020-62 Jail data: DOC website Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Minnesota | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 38.39 | 50 | 19.7 | 113.09 | 23.32 | 0 | 23.32 | D- | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: January 1, 2020 population data retrieved from the DOC Adult Prison Population Summary and April 30, 2020 population count provided to the Prison Policy Initiative by the DOC. |
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| Mississippi | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 6.25 | 14 | 9.4 | 60.65 | 12.51 | 0.22 | 12.29 | F | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Missouri | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | State DOC provided data by race to the Marshall Project (15 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 19.27 | 45 | 7 | 96.27 | 19.85 | 0.08 | 19.77 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website & the Marshall Project's report, Is COVID-19 Falling Harder on Black Prisoners? Officials Won’t Tell Us Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab & ACLU of Missouri Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Montana | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 3.57 | 14 | 8.5 | 67.07 | 13.83 | 0.75 | 13.08 | F | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report & DOC correspondence |
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| Nebraska | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 25.91 | 7 | 4 | 79.91 | 16.48 | 0 | 16.48 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: Department of Correctional Service website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Nevada | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Offenders are not allowed to wear masks unless they are specifically ordered to by a medical provider and authorized by a warden, and are housed in controlled isolation"(0 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 7.87 | 3 | 12.6 | 60.47 | 12.47 | 0.16 | 12.3 | F | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| New Hampshire | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | DOC policy to streamline administrative-home-confinement (AHC), additional 5 points awarded as policy is applied broadly (15 points) | No jail data | 0 | 8.8 | 68.3 | 14.08 | 0 | 14.08 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: DOC policy to streamline AHC from correspondence between DOC and ACLU-NH Jail data: n/a Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| New Jersey | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Orders that DOC shall identify and refer people to both a newly established Emergency Medical Review Committee nad Parole Board those who are 60 years or older with medical vulnerabilities (10 points) | Orders release eligibility for those nearing the end of their sentence, with specific offense criteria (10 points) | 35.31 | 8 | 11.8 | 122.11 | 25.18 | 5.25 | 19.93 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: Executive Order No. 124 Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| New Mexico | Completed testing of all (15 points) | Testing some (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available, no specific frequency of updates (5 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Grants commutations to people with a release date within 30 days, parole plan in place, and who meet specific offense criteria (10 points) | 22.03 | 11 | 4.9 | 86.93 | 17.92 | 0.3 | 17.62 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: Corrections Dept website Executive orders: Commuting The Sentences Of Incarcerated Individuals Who Meet Certain Criteria And Instructing The DOC To Release Those Individuals From Its Facilities Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| New York | No information on testing (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | DOCCS identifies "low-level technical parole violators detained in jails" and reviews for release (10 points) | 21.62 | 53 | 15 | 91.62 | 18.89 | 0.78 | 18.11 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: Department of Corrections & Community Supervision website Executive orders: COVID-19 Jail Reduction - DOCCS Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab & Vera Institute of Justice Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| North Carolina | Testing available, but not required (5 points) | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to some (0 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 21.79 | 38 | 9.9 | 71.69 | 14.78 | 0.3 | 14.48 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: Dept of Public Safety website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| North Dakota | No information on testing (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | No information on PPE (0 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 14.29 | 7 | 37.1 | 81.39 | 16.78 | 0 | 16.78 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: Dept of Corrections & Rehabilitation website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Ohio | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic; some facilities committed to complete testing (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 21.78 | 26 | 5.3 | 77.08 | 15.89 | 3.26 | 12.63 | F | Testing, PPE, data: Dept of Rehabilitation & Correction website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Oklahoma | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing some; testing all who are scheduled to be released within one week (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | State DOC provided data by race to the Marshall Project (15 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 3.51 | 14 | 6 | 74.51 | 15.36 | 0 | 15.36 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website & the Marshall Project's report, Is COVID-19 Falling Harder on Black Prisoners? Officials Won’t Tell Us Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Oregon | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 40.85 | 25 | 17.8 | 103.65 | 21.37 | 0.14 | 21.23 | D- | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Pennsylvania | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Grants reprieve of sentence to people who are medically vulnerable and meet specific offense criteria (10 points) | Grants reprieve of sentence to people who are within 12 months of release eligibility and who "do not pose a risk" to public safety (10 points) | 21.12 | 40 | 8.8 | 94.92 | 19.57 | 0.41 | 19.16 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: Order Of The Gov. Of Penn. Regarding Individuals Incarcerated In State Correctional Institutions Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab & Vera Institute of Justice Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Rhode Island | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | No information on PPE (0 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | DOC established process for early release and awarding good time that may have been lost (10 points) | Combined prison and jail system | n/a | 25.2 | 75.2 | 15.51 | 0 | 15.51 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website, DOC facebook page, correspondence between DOC and ACLU of Rhode Island Executive orders: Report from Providence Journal citing interview with DOC Jail data: n/a Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| South Carolina | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 25.74 | 20 | 4.8 | 75.54 | 15.58 | 0 | 15.58 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| South Dakota | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | Orders suspension of jail admissions for people on parole with positive urinalysis test for controlled substance (10 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | -3.7 | 5 | 6.6 | 57.9 | 11.94 | 0 | 11.94 | F | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: Executive Order 2020-14 Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Tennessee | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Completed testing of all (20 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Disaggregated by race (15 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 31.4 | 94 | 12.8 | 129.2 | 26.64 | 0.29 | 26.35 | D- | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab & Vera Institute of Justice Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Texas | Testing some; some facilities committed to complete testing (5 points) | Testing when symptomatic; some facilities committed to complete testing (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to some (0 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 2.43 | 44 | 9.7 | 52.13 | 10.75 | 0.71 | 10.03 | F | Testing, PPE, data: Dept. of Criminal Justice website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Utah | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 16.17 | 9 | 19.8 | 80.97 | 16.69 | 0 | 16.69 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Vermont | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Completed testing of all (20 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated regularly (15 points) | Disaggregated by race (15 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Combined prison and jail system | n/a | 29.7 | 114.7 | 23.65 | 0 | 23.65 | D- | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: n/a Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Virginia | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Authorizes consideration for early release for those who meet specific offense criteria and medical vulnerability criteria (10 points) | Authorizes consideration for early release for those who meet specific offense criteria and are within 1 year of end of sentence (10 points) | 13.64 | 25 | 2.56 | 83.64 | 17.25 | 0.63 | 16.62 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: DOC COVID-19 Response Inmate Early Release Plan Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: DOC website |
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| Washington | Testing not provided by DOC (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | Grants commutations to those who are charged with "nonviolent/nonsexual offense" and a release date prior to 6/29/2020 (10 points) | 35.82 | 37 | 2.7 | 93.52 | 19.28 | 0 | 19.28 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: Emergency Commutation In Response To COVID-19, 20-50 Reducing The Prison Population, & 20-35 Department Of Corrections - Community Custody Violations Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Data from Dec 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020 from DOC Fact Cards. In correspondence, the DOC reported that there were 16,531 people incarcerated in state prisons on April 30, 2020, but that this count excludes those held for technical violations and is therefore incompatible with the population count provided for Dec 31, 2020. |
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| West Virginia | Completed testing of all (15 points) | Completed testing of all (20 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | State DOC provided data by race to the Marshall Project (15 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 11.99 | 10 | 7.4 | 114.39 | 23.59 | 0 | 23.59 | D- | Testing, PPE, data: Division of Corrections & Rehabilitation website, the Marshall Project's report, "Is COVID-19 Falling Harder on Black Prisoners? Officials Won’t Tell Us," & WV MetroNews article on PPE Executive orders: n/a Jail data: ACLU of West Virginia Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Wisconsin | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Commitment to testing all (5 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Data available and updated daily (15 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 15.65 | 21 | 10.6 | 81.25 | 16.75 | 0 | 16.75 | F+ | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report |
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| Wyoming | No information on testing (0 points) | Testing when symptomatic or in contact (0 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Masks provided to all (15 points) | Some data available (5 points) | Not disaggregated by race (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | No order (0 points) | 2.52 | 4 | 2 | 39.52 | 8.15 | 0 | 8.15 | F | Testing, PPE, data: DOC website Executive orders: n/a Jail data: NYU Public Safety Lab Prison data: Vera Institute of Justice's People in Prison, 2019 report" |
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Sources and methodology
- Staff (15 points)
- Does the state Department of Corrections provide COVID-19 testing for all staff?
- Incarcerated (20 points)
- Does the state Department of Corrections provide COVID-19 testing for all incarcerated people?
- Staff (15 points)
- Does the state Department of Corrections provide personal protective equipment for all staff?
- Incarcerated (15 points)
- Does the state Department of Corrections provide personal protective equipment for all incarcerated people?
- Publicly available (15 points)
- Does the state Department of Corrections publish accessible and up-to-date data on COVID-19 in prisons?
- Disaggregated by race (15 points)
- Is the data provided by the Department of Corrections diaggregated by race?
- Halting jail admissions (30 points)
- Did the governor issue an executive order (or did the Department of Corrections enact a policy) to halt jail admissions?
- Medically vulnerable releases (30 points)
- Did the governor issue an executive order (or did the Department of Corrections enact a policy) to release the medically vulnerable from prisons?
- Near-completion of sentence releases (30 points)
- Did the governor issue an executive order (or did the Department of Corrections enact a policy) to release people from prisons who were near the end of their sentences?
- Statewide jail reduction
- What has the median jail population percentage change been across the state as of June 1, 2020? (1 point per 1% reduction of median jail population)
- How many jails do we have data for?
- How many local jails had data available for this analysis?
- Statewide prison reduction
- By what percentage has the state's prison population changed from Dec 31, 2019/Jan 1, 2020 to April 30, 2020/May 1 2020 (unless otherwise noted in sources)? (2 points per 1% reduction)
- Raw score
- Sum of points for testing, PPE, data, executive and DOC orders, and population reduction (maximum 485 points)
- Normalized score out of 100 points
- Raw score normalized by dividing by 4.85 (maximum 100 points)
- Subtracted points for prison deaths
- Subtracted one point for every 5 prison deaths per 10,000 people in the state’s prison system
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