Data toolbox
- Sections
- National data
- State-level comparison data
- Population data
- Admissions & releases
- Wages, fees, & other expenses
- Policies
- State specific data
- National & state population data (U.S. Census)
- Other curated resources
All of our reports and many of our briefings compile previously unavailable or incompatible data. For the benefit of other advocates and researchers who want to do new things with our data, we’ve compiled our unique datasets on this page.
Need help working with this data? Not what you’re looking for? Check out our Advocacy Toolkit for tips on managing large data sets and other sources of data about the criminal legal system.
National data
State-level criminal justice data (all states)
Population data
- Incarcerated populations by race/ethnicity and gender for each state with comparative total population counts, percentages and incarceration rate per 100,000 calculations [xlsx] (2021)
- U.S. Census group quarters (2010): People housed in correctional facilities for adults, by race and by gender, including state and federal prisons, local jails, immigration detention facilities, and other places of short- and long-term confinement, for all 50 states, D.C., and Puerto Rico. Note: The U.S. Census collects this "institutional group quarters" data as a one-time, all-inclusive count of people based on where they are confined, not the jurisdiction to which they belong. The data here are substantially different from what is published by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, which is what we used in the above 2021 table.
- Total confined population: Confined populations by state and type of confinement (2024) (2021 data here)
- Total confined population: Confined populations by state, type of confinement, and gender (2018)
- Parole:
- Total population under correctional control (including probation and parole): Incarceration and supervision populations and rates by state (2023) (2018 data available here)
- Jails: Jail incarceration trends by state
- Jails - Pre-trial detention: Jail population by state and conviction status, 1978-2019
- Jails and Prisons - Over time (annual data from 1978-2022):
- Percent of prison populations 55 and older, by state, 1999-2019 with comparative total prison population counts for each state
- Prisons - Gender: Changes in state prison populations 2009-2015, by gender
Admissions and releases
Wages, fees, and other expenses
- Prisons Wages:
- Prisons Medical copays:
- Phones and communication:
Policies:
Data specific to only one state:
California
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Colorado
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Connecticut
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Delaware
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Iowa
Louisiana
The number of incarcerated people as of 2022 from each:
Maryland
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
The number of incarcerated people as of 2010 from each:
The number of incarcerated people as of 2010 in Baltimore in each:
See more Maryland data
Massachusetts:
Michigan
Montana
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Nevada
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
New Jersey
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
New York:
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
The number of incarcerated people as of 2010 from each:
The number of incarcerated people in New York City as of 2010 from each:
The number of incarcerated people as of 2010 from each:
See more New York data
Pennsylvania
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Rhode Island
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Virginia
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Washington
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Population data (for calculating incarceration rates, etc.)
Other curated resources: