Data toolbox
- Sections
- National data
- State-level comparison data
- State specific data
- Population data (U.S. Census)
- Other curated resources
All of our reports and many of our briefings compile previously unavailable or incompatible data. For the benefit of other advocates and researchers who want to do new things with our data, we’ve compiled our unique datasets on this page.
Need help working with this data? Not what you’re looking for? Check out our Advocacy Toolkit for tips on managing large data sets and other sources of data about the criminal legal system.
National data
State-level criminal justice data (all states)
- Incarcerated populations by race/ethnicity and gender for each state with comparative total population counts and incarceration rate per 100,000 calculations [xlsx]
- Total confined population: Confined populations by state and type of confinement (2021)
- Total confined population: Confined populations by state, type of confinement, and gender (2018)
- Total population under correctional control (including probation and parole): Incarceration and supervision populations and rates by state (2023) (2018 data available here)
- Percent of prison populations 55 and older, by state, 1999-2019 with comparative total prison population counts for each state
- Unique admissions to local jails by state, 2016-2017
- Jail admissions and releases by state, 2013
- Jails: Jail incarceration trends by state
- Jails - Pre-trial detention: Jail population by state and conviction status, 1978-2013
- Jails and Prisons - Over time (annual data from 1978-2015):
- Jails - Regulation: Agencies responsible for setting jail standards Also specified whether their authority is binding
- Jails - Mail restrictions: State policies on restricting mail to jails
- Prisons - Gender: Changes in state prison populations 2009-2015, by gender
- Prisons - Wages:
- Prisons — Medical copays:
- Phones and communication:
- Parole: populations, growth, returns to incarceration, technical violations, and release decisions, by state
- Releases: Annual releases from state prisons and local jails, by gender and by state using 2013-2016 data [xlsx]
Data specific to only one state:
California
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Colorado
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Connecticut
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Delaware
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Iowa
Louisiana
The number of incarcerated people as of 2022 from each:
Maryland
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
The number of incarcerated people as of 2010 from each:
The number of incarcerated people as of 2010 in Baltimore in each:
See more Maryland data
Massachusetts:
Michigan
Montana
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Nevada
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
New Jersey
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
New York:
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
The number of incarcerated people as of 2010 from each:
The number of incarcerated people in New York City as of 2010 from each:
The number of incarcerated people as of 2010 from each:
See more New York data
Pennsylvania
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Virginia
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Washington
The number of incarcerated people as of 2020 from each:
Population data (for calculating incarceration rates, etc.)
Other curated resources: