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92,000 people from New York are behind bars today

Rates of imprisonment have grown dramatically in the last 40 years

Also see these New York graphs:

• total numbers rather than rates.
• Women’s prisons: Incarceration Rates | Total Population
• Men’s prisons: Incarceration Rates | Total Population

Today, New York’s incarceration rates stand out internationally

In the U.S., incarceration extends beyond prisons and local jails to include other systems of confinement. The U.S. and state incarceration rates in this graph include people held by these other parts of the justice system, so they may be slightly higher than the commonly reported incarceration rates that only include prisons and jails. Details on the data are available in States of Incarceration: The Global Context. We also have a version of this graph focusing on the incarceration of women.

People of color are overrepresented in prisons and jails

See also our detailed graphs about Whites, Hispanics, and Blacks in New York prisons and jails.

New York's criminal justice system is more than just its prisons and jails

Our other articles about New York

The jail phone industry in New York

• New York City to make all calls from jail free by Peter Wagner, July 19, 2018
• New York DOC signs contract with JPay that will gouge incarcerated people and their families by Wanda Bertram and Peter Wagner, July 24, 2018
• New York prison system tells FCC meaningful prison phone regulation is possible, by Leah Sakala, July 10, 2013

Prison-based gerrymandering in New York

• Prison Gerrymandering Project New York Page
• Implementing Reform: How Maryland & New York Ended Prison Gerrymandering
• Voting equality still up for debate in Rome, NY
• Attica's lessons and the urgency of ending prison-based gerrymandering, by Peter Wagner and Rose Heyer, September 13, 2011
• An End to Prison Gerrymandering, New York Times editorial, August 23, 2010.
• Phantom constituents in the Empire State: How outdated Census Bureau methodology burdens New York counties By Peter Wagner, Meghan Rudy, Ellie Happel and William Goldberg July 18, 2007
• Most upstate counties with prisons agree: A prison cell is not a residence [PDF] by Peter Wagner, February 14, 2010
• Actual Constituents: Students and Political Clout in New York
• Too big to ignore: How counting people in prisons distorted Census 2000, by Rose Heyer and Peter Wagner, April 2004
• Importing Constituents: Prisoners and Political Clout in New York

Other issues in New York

• How much do incarcerated people in New York earn for their work in prison?
• What New York's "Stop-and-Frisk" Policy Really Means: Discrimination and Use of Force
• We graded the parole release systems of all 50 states - New York gets a D-
• New York has some of the highest jail phone rates in the country
• Who's helping the 29,792 women released from New York correctional facilities each year?
• The hidden costs in New York's "no-cost" prison tablet contract
• New York State's elderly prison boom: An update
• New study examines gender and jail in New York City
• Analysis shows people in NYC jails would be better served in the community
• New York City to make all calls from jail free
• New York prison system tells FCC meaningful prison phone regulation is possible

Other resources

• Research on New York in our Research Library