bar chart showing how many prison systems have exemptions for menstruation-related healthcare, treatment for substance use, vaccinations, hospitalization, and pregnancy-related healthcare

Data Source: Compiled by Dr. Emily Lupez and the Prison Policy Initiative from state and federal policies. (Graph: Emily Widra, 2025)

This graph originally appeared in Policies for waiving medical copays in prisons are not enough to undo the harm caused by charging incarcerated people for health care access.

For prison medical "copay" information by state, see this briefing's appendix table.

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