bar chart showing that while a 50 percent increase in Baldwin County's jail rate could lead to 57 more deaths per year, a sustained 25 percent decrease in Contra Costa County's jail rate could reduce deaths by about 52 per year

Data Source: Khatri et al., Individual- and Area-Level Incarceration and Mortality," JAMA Network Open, published online June 3, 2025. (Graph: Wendy Sawyer, 2025)

This graph originally appeared in New research: More evidence that county jail incarceration harms health, raising death rates.



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